Academism

1562- Academic art is a style of painting and sculpture produced under the influence of European academies or universities. Specifically, academic art is the art and artists influenced by the standards of the French Académie des beaux-arts, which practiced under the movements of Neoclassicism and Romanticism, and the art that followed these two movements in the attempt to synthesize both of their styles, and which is best reflected by the paintings of William-Adolphe Bouguereau, Thomas Couture, and Hans Makart. In this context it is often called "academism", "academicism", "L'art pompier", and "eclecticism", and sometimes linked with "historicism" and "syncretism". The art influenced by academies and universities in general is also called "academic art". In this context as new styles are embraced by academics, the new styles come to be considered academic, thus what was at one time a rebellion against academic art becomes academic art. Artists include: In England: Lord Frederic Leighton Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema William Hogarth Albert Moore George Frederic Watts Charles Spencelayh Sir Edward Poynter John Collier In France: Adolphe-William Bouguereau Jean-Léon Gérôme Paul Delaroche Thomas Couture Alexandre Cabanel Charles Joshua Chaplin Jean-Jacques Henner Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps Paul Baudry Gustave Moreau Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux Charles Eduard Boutibonne Jules-Joseph Lefebvre August Toulmouche In Belgium: Baron Hendrik Leys Alfred Stevens In Spain: Mariano Fortuny y Marsal Joaquin Pallares y Allustante Antonio Gisbert In German: Franz Xavier Winterhalter Geores Stein Franz von Lenbach In Austria: Hans Makart Hans Canon In America: Frederic Arthur Bridgman In Mexico: Angel Zarr